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Pheochromocytoma is an important cause of secondary Hypertension. We have adnenal gland located at upper portion of each kidney. It is divided into adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of Adrenal Medulla. Normal function of adrenal medulla is to produce epinephrine or adrenaline. Which is responsible for controlling blood pressure and to help cope with stressful situations.
So majority of symptoms of pheochromocytoma are due to excess secretion of adrenaline from adrenal medulla. Most patients of pheochromocytoma have recurrent episodes of headache
sweating and a feeling of high anxiety. The following symptoms are listed from the most common to the least common
Headaches (severe)
sweating Episodes (generalized)
heart palpitations (tachycardia and palpitations)
Anxiety
nervousness (feelings of impending death)
tremors
Pain in the lower chest or upper abdomen
Nausea (with or without nausea)
Weight loss
Heat intolerance

These symptoms may come by situations which causes pressure over tumor like physical activity
exercise
defecation
anesthesia
or change in body position.

Who should be examined for Pheochromocytoma
Those who have uncontrolled hypertension
Those who have age between 40 and 60
Those who are already taking 4 antihypertensive drugs but blood pressure is not controllable.
Those who have episodes of above symptoms

Cause of pheochromocytoma is unknown
however some forms of this tumor runs in families like

a-Multiple endocrine neoplasia
type II (MEN-II). In addition to a pheochromocytoma
people with MEN-II also have thyroid cancer. Other forms of MEN-II include pheochromocytoma with thyroid cancer and hyperparathyroidism (MEN-IIA)
and pheochromocytoma with thyroid cancer and tumors of nerves in the eyes lips
mouth and digestive tract (MEN-IIB).
b-Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). Pheochromocytomas can occur in a small percentage of people with NF1
a syndrome that includes multiple tumors in the skin (neurofibromas)
pigmented skin spots
tumors of the optic nerve of the eye
and bone diseases.
c-Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. People with this rare multi system disorder are at high risk of pheochromocytoma brain eye and kidney tumors.

Most pheochromocytomas are benign tumors and they don't spread to other parts of body however some forms do show metastasis (spread) to other parts of body like lungs
bones and brains. Usually only one gland is involved however this tumor can be present in both adrenal glands.

Investigations:
Blood and Urine tests: We perform blood and urine tests to diagnose pheochromocytoma. 24 hr urine collection is tested for epinephrine
norepinephrine and dopamine. This test is called VMA. Idea is just to check level of epinephrine and its metabolites in urine. If these are detected in urine in excess quantity
then tumor is diagnosed.

Abdominal scan.
Now you have diagnosed tumor by blood and urine tests
after that to find out location of tumor
do Ultrasound
CT scan of abdomen.

Complications:
If high blood pressure remained uncontrolled it may lead to complications of heart failure
infarction
cerebrovascular accident
vision damage and kidney failure.

Treatment:
First treatment is to control high blood pressure with medication like Alpha Blockers and Beta Blockers. When epinephrine is secreted by this tumor it acts on alpha and beta receptors present on heart and blood vessels
result is vasoconstriction and increase heart rate. Now if if we take drugs like alpha blocker and beta blocker
epinephrine will be blocked by these drugs to act on these receptors so result is vasodilation and slow heart rate. Common Alpha blockers are Prazosin (Minipress)
Terazosin (Hytrin) Phenoxybenzamine( Dibenzaline). Common Beta Blockers are Atenolol(Tenormin)
Carvedilol(Carveda)
Metoprolol(Mepressor)
Inderal.

Treatment of choice for this tumor is Surgery. After removal of this gland by surgery
blood pressure becomes normal with a day. There are two types of surgeries. General and Laproscopic surgery. However Surgery is not an option for those tumors which show metastasis to other parts of body. For that we use chemotherapy and radiations.

Whenever you have high blood pressure with any symptom
don't ignore it
you may be the patient of Pheochromocytoma. Always contact your Doctor.

If you want to know more about Pheochromocytoma
visit our site highbloodpressuremed.com

Hypertension is not only a condition for adults but it can also affect children
kids and even infants. When you see high blood pressure in children
the basic cause is either heart or Kidney. But it has been seen that children do have high blood pressure even though they have no heart or kidney problem but there's a family history of high blood pressure and an unhealthy lifestyle - a bad diet
excess weight
stress
and insufficient physical activity.

Though it is estimated that 4.5% of kids have high blood pressure. High blood pressure is very common among adults but it is also increasing in children these days
a trend that researchers link to the increase in childhood obesity.

The only way to know whether your kid has hypertension is to get it checked regularly. Doctors usually start measuring blood pressure during routine check-ups when a child is about 3 years old.If it remains untreated
high blood pressure can eventually lead to damage to the heart
brain
kidneys
and eyes. But if it's caught early
monitored
and treated
a child with high blood pressure can have an active
normal life.

Long-Term Complications of High Blood Pressure
When a kid has high blood pressure
the heart and arteries have a much heavier workload. Heart has to work against great force
The heart must pump harder and the arteries are under greater strain as they carry blood. If high blood pressure continues for a long time
the heart and arteries may no longer work as well as they should. Having high blood pressure puts a child at a higher risk for stroke TIA
CVA
heart attack
kidney failure
loss of vision
and atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).

Though child may not show symptoms of high blood pressure
it still affects the body and puts the child at risk for those long-term health problems. In rare cases
severe hypertension can cause headaches
dizziness
nosebleeds
heart palpitations
visual changes and nausea. If your child has severe high blood pressure and experiences any of these symptoms
contact your doctor immediately.

When you go to a doctor with your children
It's not unusual for a first blood pressure reading to be high because the child is nervous
so the doctor will likely take three or four readings - and use an average to determine whether your child has high blood pressure or is at risk for developing hypertension.

Causes of High Blood Pressure
The causes of high blood pressure differ
depending on the age of the child. The younger the child
the more likely the high blood pressure is due to some other condition. High blood pressure among infants most commonly occurs in premature babies. Some newborns have high blood pressure because of problems with the heart
or vascular system
kidneys and lungs. Often
these problems are due to bronchopulmonary dysplasia
an immaturity of the lungs in premature babies
or problems of vessels like coarctation of the aorta
a narrowing of part of the major blood vessel that transports blood away from the heart to the body parts. Among school-age kids and teens
hypertension is usually linked to obesity. Over weight is very common among school age children these days. In some cases it's due to a problem with the kidneys
although other conditions - like abnormalities in the blood vessels and hormonal disorders - can also be responsible. Some medications (such as steroids or oral contraceptives) can lead to high blood pressure
as can over consumption of alcohol and illegal drugs.

Diagnosing Hypertension in Children
As high blood pressure usually doesn't produce any symptoms
diagnosing the condition in children can be difficult. The only reliable way to find out if your kid has high blood pressure is to have it regularly measured at routine check ups. So it's important not to miss those appointments
particularly if your child is obese or if there's a family history of hypertension. There is also a new test called ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in which a child wears a blood pressure cuff all day. Some consider it more accurate than blood pressure tests in the doctor's office because the child is less likely to be affected by any stress from visiting the doctor and blood pressure is monitored over a considerable period.

Treating High Blood Pressure
If an underlying illness is causing hypertension
treating that illness may be enough to get the blood pressure back to normal levels. For example treating coarctation of aorta can significantly improve blood pressure. If there's no underlying illness
your child's doctor will try to control Blood pressure with natural measures and he may recommend weight loss
increased intake of fruits and vegetables
decreased salt intake
increased exercise
and even relaxation techniques. Kids with hypertension should also quit or never start smoking
which can worsen the long-term associated heart problems as smoking is one of major risk factor for heart attack. Most doctors prefer not to prescribe medication for children with mild hypertension. However
in cases in which lifestyle changes do not improve the condition
then doctor may give medication .

Doing Exercise and participation in organized sports is encouraged for all children whose hypertension is not severe or is well-controlled. In fact
staying fit is the key to both weight and blood pressure control. If your kid is overweight
an ongoing weight-loss program monitored by your child's doctor and a minimum of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise every day may play very important role in controlling blood pressure. Kids who have severe hypertension should not
however
participate in weight- and power-lifting
bodybuilding
or strength training until their blood pressure is under control and a doctor OKs it.

Remember
earlier you get high blood pressure
earlier you will face its complications. So try to control your blood pressure with in normal limits to stay healthy and enjoy normal life.

If you want to know more about High Blood Pressure in children Visit our website.

High Blood pressure is the measure of force against arteries. Do you have high blood pressure? Do you know what are common symptoms and signs of high blood pressure? This article will give you comprehensive information about common signs and symptoms of high blood pressure.

Usually people ignore high blood pressure. Even those who take medicine
only take anti hypertensive medication for short time. Studies have proved that 90% of high blood pressure patients show non compliance with their medication. If you will not control your blood pressure it may lead to serious problems with your Heart
Kidneys
Brain and Eyes. If you want to save these vital organs
then you will have to control your blood pressure with in limits.

Normal blood pressure is 120/80. If this reading goes above 140/90
then you consider yourself as a hypertensive patient. Between 120 and 140 is a pre hypertensive stage. which can be controlled even by natural measures like exercise
low salt intake
stop smoking
lower cholesterol
eat vegetables etc.

How will you come to know that you have high blood pressure?
High blood pressure typically has no symptoms at all
that is why we can call it as Silent killer. Although there are many coincidental symptoms that are widely believed to be associated with high blood pressure. These include headaches
nosebleeds
dizziness
a flushed face and fatigue. Although people with high blood pressure may have many of these symptoms
they occur just as frequently in those with normal blood pressure. Why these symptoms occur
If a person has high blood pressure that is severe or longstanding and left untreated
symptoms such as headache
fatigue
nausea
vomiting
shortness of breath
restlessness
and blurred vision can occur as a result of damage to the brain
eyes
heart and kidneys. In rare cases
high blood pressure may cause brain swelling
which can lead to drowsiness and coma.

Briefly Hypertension has following 10 common symptoms.
headache
Nosebleed (Epistaxis)
Breathlessness
tinnitus(Ringing in Ears)
sleepiness
Ansomnia
confusion
Fatigue
profuse sweating
vomiting
low libido or lack of sexual desire
Blurred vision

If you have not above symptoms
it does not mean that you have no high blood pressure. Remember most common symptom of high Blood pressure is that " It Has No Symptom". Best way to keep you healthy is to have your blood pressure checked at regular intervals.
Wish you all the good health.

Read more about High Blood Pressure Symptoms at website http://www.highbloodpressuremed.com